Ryan Naylor wrote:Finally, what defines a language is its grammar, not its vocabulary. That's why Jabberwocky is understandable, despite having most of the words made up: because the sentence construction is English. Even if the *words* of Invidian Balok are based on Italian rather than Romanian or Slavic, if it has the same sentence construction of Barovian Balok, they'd be mutually intelligible once you'd worked out what the differences were.
Where'd you get that? That's not right. The smallest information-carrying unit of language is a phoneme, not grammar. Language is made up of recognizable phonemes, regardless of the grammatical matrix behind it.
Many languages have similar grammatical structures, but vastly different phonetic sounds for the same concepts, and these are not mutually comprehensible, just because they share the same grammatical structure. How on Earth would you deduce what the words mean only based on sentence structure, morphology, placement of verbs in relation to nouns, etc.?
If Italian, e.g., had the same grammatical structure as German, the two different languages still wouldn't magically be comprehensible to the different speakers.
Compare the word malocchio, meaning "evil eye" in Italian. Let's say for argument's sake that there was a fictional language in Ravenloft that used German words, but Italian grammar. You claim that because of the same grammar, the German would be comprehensible as Italian? Evil eye is "böse Auge" in German. Using the same structure as Italian, we'll contract it to "bösauge." Are you claiming that an Italian would recognize "bösauge" as "malocchio" just because their structure is similar? To understand the word, the reader would need more context than just structure.
Generally, people do not understand languages in terms of grammar, but rather in recognizable phonemes. An Italian would probably recognize a word like malefique in French, meaning evil, not because French has a similar grammar to Italian, but because the Italian would recognize the root "mal-" which means bad or evil in both French and Italian.
It has nothing to do with grammar or syntax, but rather with recognition of similar phonemes.
[i]"They'll play what I tell 'em to play. For I am the mayor of Albuquerque!"[/i]